Therefore, we hypothesized that Surgery/Anesthesia may disturb mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics and then impair mitochondrial function in the brain of aged mice, thus resulting in the occurrence and development of POD. However, the impact of surgery and anesthesia on mitochondrial fusion and fission dynamics largely remain to be determined. Research showed that mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics play an important physiological role in the development of the nervous system and synaptic plasticity via regulation of mitochondrial functions, which include adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, Ca 2+ buffering, neurotransmitter synthesis and degradation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and sequestration, apoptosis, and intermediate metabolism. Furthermore, the dynamic balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission processes is critical in regulating mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dynamics include mitochondrial biogenesis, selective degradation (including mitophagy), mitochondrial fusion and fission events, as well as processes such as intracellular transport. ![]() Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that continually move, fuse, and divide. Mitochondrial dysfunction, which is demonstrated by energy deficits and excessively activated oxidative stress, has been reported to contribute to POD. With a significant increase in the aging population, complications specifically related to the elderly are becoming increasingly important. Advanced age was reported to be an independent risk factor for the development of POD, as the elderly may have a lack of physiologic reserves. POD may lead to greater lengths of hospital stay, increased hospitalization costs, decreased life independence, and increased morbidity and mortality furthermore, it has the potential to induce long-term cognitive dysfunction and even dementia. Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication following surgery and anesthesia, especially in the elderly population. In conclusion, Surgery/Anesthesia disturbed mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics and then impaired mitochondrial function in the brain of aged mice these effects may be involved in the underlying mechanism of POD.ĭelirium is an acute, transient, usually reversible, fluctuating disturbance in attention, cognition, and consciousness level. Furthermore, Surgery/Anesthesia induced delirium-like behavior in aged mice. Surgery/Anesthesia also decreased the expression of neuronal/synaptic plasticity-related proteins such as PSD-95 and BDNF. In addition, surgical mice presented mitochondrial dysfunction, demonstrated by abnormally activated oxidative stress (increased ROS level, decreased SOD level) and energy deficits (decreased levels of ATP and MMP). Mice in Surgery/Anesthesia group showed unbalanced fission/fusion dynamics, with decreased DISC1 expression and increased expression of Drp1 and Mfn2 in the mitochondrial fraction, leading to excessive mitochondrial fission and disturbed mitochondrial morphogenesis in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. ![]() Here, we evaluate the effects of laparotomy under 1.4% isoflurane anesthesia for 2 hours on mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics in the brain of aged mice. However, the impact of Surgery/Anesthesia on mitochondrial fusion/fission dynamics remains unclear. The dynamic balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission processes is critical in regulating mitochondrial function. Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication following surgery and anesthesia (Surgery/Anesthesia).
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